Submarine vessel



(N0 Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. W. POOL.

SUBMARINE VESSEL. No. 435,857. v Patented Sept. 2, 1 890;

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, (No Model.) 4 Sheets -Sheet 2.

F. W. POOL.-

SUBMARINE VESSEL.

No. 435,857. Patented Sept; 2, 1890.

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(Nb Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

. F. POOL.

SUBMARINE VESSEL. No. 435,857. Patented Sept. 2. 1890.

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FRANCIS \VRIGIIT POOL, OF NORYICII, CONNECTICUT.

SUBMARINE VESSEL.

QFEGIFICATZQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 435,857, datedSeptember 2, 1890.

Application filed July 23, 1888. Serial No. 280.727- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FnANcIs WRIGHT PooL, of Norwich, in the county ofNew London and State of Connecticut, have invent-ed a new and usefulImprovement in Submarine Vessels, of which the following a full, clear,and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in submarine vessels, and has forits object to construct the same in a simple, economical, and durablemanner, and provide a means whereby the ship or vessel may be steeredvertically as well as horizontally, and the further object of theinvention to provide a means whereby the propeller utilized in thepropelling of the ship or vessel may be rapidly revolved with a minimumdegree of friction upon the shaft and through the medium of light andsimple machinery.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafterfullyset forth, and pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a plan view. Fig. 2 is aside elevation. Fig. 3 is a centralvertical and longitudinal section. Fig. i is a transverse section on theline as i l of Fig. 3, and 'Fig. 5 is a similar section on line 1 y ofFig. 8.

In carrying out the invention the vessel is constructed of iron or othersuitable material and provided with an elliptical body ll, having aconical bow l2 and straight stern 13. The vessel is centrally andlongitudinally divided by a horizontal partition ll, extending from stemto stern, whereby two compartments and 16 are obtained.

The compartment 15 represents the gas or air chamber, whereby it ispurposed to establish an equipoisc between the vessel and the elementintended to be navigatedtor instance, the water. The said chamber 15constitutes about one-half the body of the vessel, and is provided withsuitable egress and ingress apertures for the purpose of replenishing oremptying the chamber of its buoyant contents.

The lower chamber 16 is purposed to be allotted to passengers andmachinery, and is preferably provided with a suitable floor 17.

At or about the center of the buoyantchamber 15 a casing 18, preferablycylindrical in contour, is projected downward from the upper face of thevessel through the partition ll into the lower chamber 16. The upper andlower ends of the casing 18 are open, and at or near the top ahorizontal floor 19 is constructed provided with an aperture or openingadapted to receive one end of a ladder or equivalent device, the otherend whereof rests upon the floor of the lower chamber 10. The upper openend of the casing 18 is closed through the medium of a preferablycylindrical glass or other transparent cover 20, which cover is securedto the outer side of the vessel in any approved manner. By reason of thecover 20 and the floor 19 a chamber 21 is obtained adapted for the useof the pilot, and the cover 20 is of sulficient size to admit of thepilots head and shoulders, for

instance, elvtending above the plane of the vessel at the top, wherebythe said pilot may conveniently and effectively take observations uponall sides, and thereby properly steer the vessel or give orders for sodoing.

The body of the vessel is surrounded by a rectangular flange 22, whichflange is rigidly secured to the outer side of the said body at oraboutthe cen terin such manner as to project outward at right angles to thebody, as bestillustrated in Fig. l. The forward end of the flange 22,which extendsacross the bow of the body, is provided with a series ofspaced knuckles :23, adapted to engage with a series of similar knucklesll, formed integral with the horizontal rudder 35, which rudder is oflike width as the flange 22 at the bow and stern. The hinged connectionof the horizontal rudder with the flange 22 is elfected by the passageof a stout bar 26 through the abutting knuckles 23 and 2%, as best shownin Fig. 1. The ends of the bar 26, forming the pintle of the hinge,project beyond the outer end of the flange 22, and upon said extremityof the hinge-piutle 20 an es sentially U-shaped lever 27 is fulcrumed.The body of the U-shaped lever 27, which consists of a bar of metal bentto U shape, is rigidly attached longitudinally to the horizontal rudder25, preferably upon the outer surface at or near the center, and themembers of said lever extend in direction of the stern a distance fromthe outer sides of the flange 22 parallel therewith.

The horizontal rudder 25 may be manipulated in various ways, andalthough I have illustrated one means of manipulating the said rudder, Ido not confine myself thereto.

The means whereby the rudder 25 is raised and lowered, as illustrated inthe drawings, consists of ropes or chains 28, attached to the rear endsof the lever 27, which ropes or chains extend respectively upward anddownward over pulleys 29, attached to the side of the body above andbelow the center, the upper rope passing over a similar pulley 30,securedhorizontally to the inner wall of the air-chamber and passingthrough the partition 14 to a connection with a drum 31, located in thelower chamber 16. The lower rope is passed from the outer pulley 29 inthrough the wall of the vessel directly into the chamber 16, and is alsoattached to the aforesaid drum 31. Two sets of rope are thus employedfor each member of the U-shaped lever 27, and two drums 31 are provided,one drum for the ropes entering at each side of the vessel, as bestillustrated in Fig. 4.

In the rear portion of the flange 22, which is rectangular, a transverseslot or opening 32 is produced, extending across and parallel with thestern of the vessel, and to the bottom of the vessel at the center ahorizontal brace-bar 33 is secured, in the outer end of which brace-barand in the flange 22 at a point immediately above the said brace-bar therudder-post 34 of a vertical rudder 35 is journaled, as best illustratedin Fig. 2, the space between the rudder-post and stern of the vesselbeing adapted for the reception of a suitable propeller 36.

The vertical rudder 35 is manipulated through the medium of a rope orchain 37, attached at the top near the outer edge, one rope or chainupon each side, the said rope or chain extending parallel with the undersurface of the flange and over grooved pulleys 38, journaled to the rearof the flange, and similar pulleys 39, located near the bow portion ofthe flange, from which pulleys the severalropesorchains 37 are projectedthrough the side of the vessel into the lower chamber 16 to anengagement with a drum 40, as best illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.

The propeller 36 is attached to one end of a horizontal shaft 41, whichshaft is provided with a collar 42, located adjacent to the stern,whereby the thrust of the shaftin that direction is limited, and theforward end of the said shaft 41 is journaled in a standard 43, securedto the floor of the chamber 16, in which chamber the shaft is adapted torevolve. The standard 43 is preferably curved in direction of the stern,in order that greater strength may be obtained and a better supporteffected for the inner end of the shaft.

The shaft 41 is provided with a series of spirally-arranged grooves 44and 45, which grooves extend from end to end of the shaft in oppositedirections, crossing each other, as best shown in Fig. 3. Upon the shaft41 a sleeve 46 is adapted to reciprocate, in the ends of which sleeveheads 47 are screwed or otherwise secured, provided with a series ofteeth 48 upon their inneror contiguous faces. Between the toothed heads47 two rings 49 and 50 are loosely held, the approachingfaces of whichrings are smooth and the outer edges contiguous to the heads 47 aretoothed, the teeth of the rings being adapted to mesh with the teeth ofthe heads and form a clutch. Each ring 49 and 50 is provided with aninterior spiral lug or rib 51, the lug o-r rib of one ring beingpurposed to enter and travel in the shaft-groove 44 and the lug or ribof the other ring in the shaft-groove 45. The sleeve 46 is reciprocatedfrom, preferably, two cylinders 52, located at each side of the shaft,the pistons 53 of which cylinders are connected toopposite sides of thesleeve, as best shown in Fig. 5, and the said pistons are guided intheir movements by channels or ways 54, formed upon the inner side ofthe vessel within the chamber 16. It will be observed that as the sleeve46 is carried in direction of the stern the rib of the ring 49, whichengages with the groove 45, will mesh with the forward head of thesleeve and the shaft be turned in one direction. Upon the back-stroke ofthe cylinder the opposite ring will engage with the opposite head,causing the rib of the ring 50 to engage with the groove 44, whereby thesaid shaft will continue to revolve in the same direction.

It will be observed from the construction of the vessel that by reasonof the horizontal rudder the course of the ship may be directed upwardor downward, as desired, and that by reason of the vertical rudder itmaybe guided laterally, or in the usual manner. It will be furtherobserved that the mechanism of the vessel and the machinery employed areboth simple, durable, and economical.

I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself tosteam as a motive power to drive the sleeve 46 upon the shaft 41, asother motive power may be employed; and I further desire it to beunderstood that I do not limit myself to the means shown and describedfor manipulating the horizontal and vertical rudders, as other suitableand equivalent means maybe employed, and the rope or chain by which therudders are manipulated may be made to lead directly into the pilot roomor chamber 21, if it be found desirable. The passenger-entrance will bethrough the top,

The special construction of the propellershaft is not claimed herein,but forms the subject-matter of my application, Serial No. 332,096,allowed February 15, 1890.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a submarine vessel, the combination, with an essentiallyelliptical hull centrally divided into two compartments, a passenger andan air or gas compartment, a vertical casing extending from the top ofthe hull through the upper compartmentinto the lower compartment, and atransparent cap covering the outer extremity of said casing, of ahorizontal flange surrounding the hull, a vertical rudder pivoted insaid flange at the rear, and a horizontal rudder hinged to the forwardend of the flange, substantially as shown and described. l

2. In a submarine vessel, the combination, with an essentiallyelliptical hull provided with a conical bow and straight stern, apartition centrally and longitudinally dividing the hull into twochambers, a vertical casing extending centrally through the upperchamher into the lower chamber, a horizontal apertured partitiondividing the said casing, and a transparent cylindrical covering fitted.to the outer endof the said casing, of a horizontal flange surroundingthe hull at or near the center, a vertical rudder pivoted in said flangeat the rear, a horizontal rudder hinged to the forward end of saidflange, and means, substantially as shown and described, for man ipulating the said rudders, as set forth.

3. In a submarine vessel, the combination, with an essentiallyelliptical hull having a conical bow and straight stern, a partitiondividing thehull centrally and longitudinally into two compartments, acasing projected vertically (.lownward from the top of the hull into thelower compartment, an apertured partition horizontally dividing the saidcasing, and a transparent circular covering surrounding the upper end ofthe casing, whereby an outlook is provided, of a horizontal flangeattached to and surrounding the hull at the center, a vertical rudderpivoted in the rear of the said flange, a horizontal rudder hinged tothe forward end of the flange, a U-shaped lever secured to the saidhorizontal rudder, a rope or chain leading from said lever within thehull and from the vertical rudder also into the hull, and means,substantially as shown and described, for manipulating the said chain orrope, as and for the purpose specified.

at. Ina submarine vessel, the combination, with a hull provided with acentral partition dividing the same into an upper and lower compartment,a vertical cylinder extending from the top of the hull into the lowercompartment, a circular transparent covering fitted to the upper end ofthe said cylinder, a horizontal flange surrounding the hull at or aboutthe center, a vertical rudder pivoted to the rear of the said flange, ahorizontal rudder hinged to the forward end of the flange, and means,substantially as shown and described, for manipulating said rudders, ofa horizontal shaft located in the lowercompartment of the hull, providedwith spirallyarranged grooves extending from end to end in oppositedirections, a propeller secured to the outer end of the said shaft, asleeve mounted to slide upon the said shaft, having fixed heads andteeth upon the inner surface of said heads, two loose rings within thesleeves having teeth produced upon the surface contiguous to the heads,projections formed upon the inner surface of the rings, adapted toengage the grooves of the shaft, and means, substantially as shown anddescribed, for reciprocating the said sleeve, as and for the purposespecified.

FRANCIS XVRIGHT POOL. Witnesses:

EDGAR T. KINGSLEY, GEORGE W. KIMBALL.

